Scoring, whistle, and stability context from this official's verified sample versus league averages. Descriptive history only.
Whistle volume, penalty disposition, and high-leverage game-state tendencies.
46
Near league average
Late-game whistle tendency versus earlier periods. Zero on the scale is the neutral / no-shift anchor for this official (same whistle rate late as earlier), not a league average and not a betting recommendation.
Team performance comparisons are withheld until same-window team baselines clear sample gates. Raw records alone can overstate the official's relationship with strong or weak teams.
Season-by-season career trends appear when multi-season official stats are available in this dataset.
Related officials and upcoming assignments to extend your read.
Against the spread: whether the home team beat the sportsbook point spread (not just who won). A home line of −5.5 means the home team must win by 6+ to cover. and Did both teams’ combined score finish above (over) or below (under) the closing total set by sportsbooks before tip-off? tables use The spread and total sportsbooks posted near tip-off. ATS and O/U tables here use that number, not our fixed 225 benchmark. per game. Where sportsbook closing lines are unavailable, ATS/O/U splits use estimated lines. Team penalty splits live on team pages. Tonight's assignment signals are on the EPL home page.
Scores, fouls, cards, and referee assignments from ESPN (1282 games, 154 with sportsbook totals). Referee coverage only where ESPN lists gameInfo.officials (2021-22 onward); games without referee names are excluded entirely. football-data.co.uk I1 CSVs lack a Referee column and are not used. Matrix: 402/572 ref×team pairs with 3+ games. 248 games skipped (no official listed).