50 games analyzed over 5 seasonsUpdated Jul 30, 2026, 3:21 a.m.Compare
Historical environment
Scoring, whistle, and stability context from this official's verified sample versus league averages. Descriptive history only.
League comparison
Combined score+0.4 vs league
League
3.2
Official
3.6
per game
Whistles+0.0 vs league
League
21.5
Official
21.5
per game
Over-benchmark rate withheld unless verified closing-line provenance is available for this league.
Whistle detail
Whistle profile
Whistle volume, penalty disposition, and high-leverage game-state tendencies.
50
Near league average
0
100
Goals per match
3.6
+0.4 vs league avg
Fouls per match
21.5
+0.0 vs 21.1 avg
Yellow cards
3.4
-0.3 vs 3.7 avg
Red cards
0.22
+0.1 vs 0.159 avg
Penalties
0.38
+0.1 vs 0.32 avg
Card balance
neutral
64% within 1 card · avg imbalance 1.5
Stability
Sample size
50 games
Seasons on file
2021-22, 2022-23, 2023-24, 2024-25, 2025-26
Historical outcome splits
Straight-up and line-linked outcome history when provenance allows. Not a recommendation.
General stats
Games
50
Avg combined goals
3.6
+0.4 vs league avg
Games over 2.9 goals
70.0%
Combined beat 2.9 benchmark
Flags per game
21.5
+0.0 vs league avg
Seasons
5 seasons
Pressure
Late-game whistle tendency versus earlier periods. Zero on the scale is the neutral / no-shift anchor for this official (same whistle rate late as earlier), not a league average and not a betting recommendation.
Tight-game proxy
Supporting evidence from close finishes in the verified sample.
Close-match proxy
How Robert Hartmann compares in one-goal matches vs the full sample. Based on verified match results.
Close games (≤1 goal margin)
22 of 50 games match this window
Avg combined goals
Close-match avg
3
Season avg
3.6
Pressure impact
-0.6
Avg cards
Close-match avg
22.7
Season avg
21.5
Pressure impact
+1.2
Over rate
Close-match avg
59.1%
Season avg
72.0%
Pressure impact
-12.9 pp
Over benchmark: 2.9 combined goals · Seasons: 2021-22, 2022-23, 2023-24, 2024-25, 2025-26 · 50 total games in sample
Team effects versus baseline
Each row compares a team's win rate with this official to that team's overall win rate in the same dataset window (2021-22 to 2025-26). Sorted by absolute delta. Minimum 8 shared games per row.
Delta is with-official win rate minus team baseline win rate in percentage points. Descriptive history only. Confidence follows sample depth for the shared games with this official.
Career
Season-by-season career trends appear when multi-season official stats are available in this dataset.
Relationships
Keep researching
Related officials and upcoming assignments to extend your read.
Against the spread: whether the home team beat the sportsbook point spread (not just who won). A home line of −5.5 means the home team must win by 6+ to cover. and Did both teams’ combined score finish above (over) or below (under) the closing total set by sportsbooks before tip-off? tables use The spread and total sportsbooks posted near tip-off. ATS and O/U tables here use that number, not our fixed 225 benchmark. per game. Where sportsbook closing lines are unavailable, ATS/O/U splits use estimated lines. Team penalty splits live on team pages. Tonight's assignment signals are on the EPL home page.
Scores, fouls, cards, and referee assignments from ESPN (1282 games, 154 with sportsbook totals). Referee coverage only where ESPN lists gameInfo.officials (2021-22 onward); games without referee names are excluded entirely. football-data.co.uk I1 CSVs lack a Referee column and are not used. Matrix: 402/572 ref×team pairs with 3+ games. 248 games skipped (no official listed).
Robert Hartmann (#0): Bundesliga referee statistics | Ref Watch