LIGUE1 ·
Evidence-first read: conclusion first, then methodology, measured deltas, and sample limits.
Conclusion
2025-26 vs 2024-25: league scoring and whistle context
League scoring held steady year over year (2024-25 to 2025-26). Cards rose (+0.9 cards).
Rule and category
league trend
Year-over-year context from 5 seasons (1,364 total games). League-wide baselines, not ref-specific.
Evidence
Measured deltas in sample
- 2025-26 avg total: 2.8 goals (267 games)
- 2024-25 avg total: 3.0 goals (306 games)
- YoY scoring change: -0.2 (goals)
Related context
Profiles and splits to verify
Follow linked officials and teams to see whether adjacent samples support or contradict this pattern. Unresolved splits stay descriptive until sample gates clear.
Uncertainty
Sample and limits
Sample: 573 games over 5 seasons (2021–2026)
Historical context
Where this sits in the dataset
Ranked with other LIGUE1 findings by effect size and sample depth. Use the tendency index and team-with-official history table for broader crew history after reading the measured deltas above.
- 2025-26 avg total
- 2.8 goals
- 267 games
- 2024-25 avg total
- 3.0 goals
- 306 games
- YoY scoring change
- -0.2
- goals
Methodology
- Findings ranked by effect size × √sample size with category deduplication.
- Sample gates: 30+ ref games, 8+ team splits, 30+ ATS decisions where applicable.
- Estimated closing lines disclosed where applicable, not betting advice.
- Full methodology →